Face aux appels des mouvements citoyens, face aux différentes publications dans les réseaux sociaux, les professionnels des médias du Nord-Kivu sont invités à observer scrupuleusement les règles du métier du journaliste.
Certes, l’article 23 de la constitution affirme que : « Toute personne a droit à la liberté d’expression. Ce droit implique la liberté d’exprimer ses opinions ou ses convictions, notamment par la parole, l’écrit et l’image, sous réserve du respect de la loi, de l’ordre public et des bonnes mœurs ».
Avec plus de 150 radios rurales dans le Nord- Kivu, les utilisateurs de ces médias doivent se souvenir que malgré les démarches pour la dépénalisation des délits de la presse, les portes des prisons restent encore ouvertes. Les manifestations anti-MONUSCO émaillées des violations des droits humains où des cas des vols, de tueries, de destructions méchantes ont été enregistrées, la diffusion des informations y relatives nécessite un équilibre et impartialité du journaliste.
À son alinéa 2, l’article 24 de la constitution dispose que : « (…) la liberté de la presse, la liberté d’information et d’émission par la radio et la télévision, la presse écrite ou tout autre moyen de communication sont garantis sous réserve du respect de l’ordre public, des bonnes mœurs et des droits d’autrui ».
C’est à ce titre que le Réseau des Médias pour le Développement, REMED, avec l’appui financier de l’UNESCO-Fonds Mondial pour la Défense des Médias, a organisé du 25 au 27 juillet 2022, un atelier de formation sur le régime des délits de presse et droits des médias à Goma. Cet atelier avait mis ensemble le Président du Tribunal des Grandes Instances de Goma, le procureur du Parquet de Grande Instance de Goma, les Avocats d’ASADEM, les responsables des organisations des médias (UNPC, UCOFEM, REMED, …).
L’Expert en droits des journalistes et médias, auteur de plusieurs ouvrages des droits des médias et Conseiller auprès du Ministère de Communication venu de Kinshasa, Maitre Charles MUSHIZI formateur et facilitateur de cet atelier a insisté sur les infractions types de presse :
- Infraction des droits communs : Diffamation et imputation dommageable, injures, les faux bruits, provocation à la désobéissance civile, outrage, dénonciation calomnieuse, discrimination et racisme, incitation à haine, homicide, infractions à la loi de 1996, outrages à chef de l’Etat, distribution des tracts, publicités illicites.
- Infractions aux droits militaires
- Infractions en ligne ou par voix d’internet,
- Incitation à l’adultère d’époux
- Attentat et outrages publics aux mœurs
- Incitations à l’abandon de famille et à la bigamie
- Incitation au mariage homosexuel
- Diffusion des cinémas « enfants non admis »
- Infractions en matières électorales.
- Les fautes purement professionnelles, notamment : La médisance, les accusations sans preuves, altérations des documents, la déformation des faits, le mensonge, apologie de toute value quotidienne du métier, la fausse représentation et abus de confiance …
Maitre Charles a également parlé des fautes non constitutives d’infractions qui sont des faits non prévus ni punis par la loi. Selon lui, il s’agit des fautes purement déontologiques non infractionnelles, soit des faits purement civils.
Monsieur Jean Baptiste KIYANA, Chef de projet REMED-UNESCO qui regrette la mort de Madame KONGOLO la responsable de CSAC au Nord-Kivu dénonce un déséquilibre au sein de la synergie CSAC et OMEC, appelée à assurer une sorte de « Co-régulation » des cas d’atteintes à la liberté de la presse pendant cette période des guerres et conflits au Nord-Kivu. Il a ainsi recommandé au CSAC au niveau national de procéder à la nomination d’ une personne à la tête de CSAC Nord-Kivu.
Maitre Constantin MUGISHA, Coordonnateur d’ASADEM félicite les professionnels des médias du Nord-Kivu du fait que les dossiers portés devant la justice ne contiennent pas jusque-là des cas où les journalistes sont fautifs devant la loi et les encourage de toujours rester sur cette voie ».
JBK
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