Anciennement ouvriers dans des plantations du Congo-Belge dans le territoire de Masisi, plus de 60 milles personnes sont aujourd’hui sans terres et vivent sous le joug de la pauvreté car victimes du non encadrement après le départ de leurs patrons colons.
En effet depuis les années 1948, des masses familiales ouvrières ont travaillé dans des plantations dites paysannats jadis entretenues par des Belges…
Au lendemain de l’indépendance avec notamment le départ des colons, ces plantations sont restées sous l’entretien d’anciens ouvriers, avant d’être spoliés par des particuliers on ne sait sur base de quel soubassement que ce soit procédurale ou juridique…
Amplifiée par les évasions rebelles dont la plus spectaculaire demeure celle du rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie RCD (les années 1999-2000) la situation de dépossession et spoliation des terres de l’État en défaveur des ouvriers a pris de l’ascenseur.
Naquit alors sous ce climat, une mésentente entre les anciens ouvriers et les nouveaux concessionnaires exploitant ces terres par des élevages bovins et caprins.
Plus d’une double décennie d’imbroglio entre les grands concessionnaires et les anciens ouvriers, il est regrettable de déplorer des réfugiés fonciers, victimes de la situation. Curieusement, Plus de 60 % des 80 milles personnes réfugiées et cantonnées dans le camp des déplacés de Kitshanga dans le Masisi, sont des déplacés fonciers.
Emprisonnés fréquemment par les concessionnaires << rusés et puissants économiquement et … >> comme pour les museler et les empêcher de dénoncer cette magouille, plusieurs ouvriers sont malheureusement contraints de se venger en décapitant les bétails de ceux contre qui ils collent leur malheur…!
Saisis du dossier, l’organisation non gouvernementale ACEDH (alerte Congolaise pour la défense des droits humains et l’environnement, se veut accompagnatrice des anciens ouvriers, plus précisément par la mise en ouvre des résolutions pro-troc et crédit foncier.
Aux travers une séance d’échanges consultatifs tenue à Kitshanga en date du vendredi 18 Février 2022, le coordonnateur de l’ACDH, Maître Olivier NDOOLE a indiqué que la structure qu’il coordonne, je cite l’ACEDH; s’inscrit dans plusieurs objectifs :
D’abord, la sensibilisation des populations sur le sens d’une économie collaborative, ensuite sur le troc et crédit fonciers.
Ensuite, c’est pour permettre aux anciens ouvriers d’accéder facilement à la terre et aboutir à des closes rassurantes et justes, mais également obtenir un équilibre de puissance entre les puissants et les pauvres.
C’est en fin, la vulgarisation du processus de la réforme foncière, faire un audit communautaire pour identifier les problèmes et les solutions appropriées et adaptées au contexte pour que les communautés proposent elles-mêmes des solutions holistiques,… en attendant que les solutions politiques, pérennes et sécurisées d’accès à la terre soient mises en application.
La séance d’échanges a rassemblé d’anciens ouvriers, des grands concessionnaires, des autorités coutumières et des cadres de la société civile.
Le sentiment de la population est autant la satisfaction, que la lueur d’espoir de recouvrer leur droit, réclamé depuis des années.
Emprisonné en maintes reprises pour sa position radicale à défendre ses pairs, Obedi KALAFULO, président des anciens ouvriers a, tout en saluant la démarche de l’ACEDH, dénoncé les tentatives des corruptions de la part de certains concessionnaires, le sollicitant d’abandonner la lutte, en contrepartie d’une voiture et une maison en ville de Goma.
Citant nommément Kamanzi, Obedi dénonce également des diffamations contre sa personne, de la part de ses << oppresseurs >> attestant qu’il collaborerait avec des rebelles, en éclaireur et pourvoyeur d’armes en feu.
Tout ce, pour tenter de le noyer et le désolidariser de la lutte. Pourquoi emprisonner et torturer Obedi si les concessionnaires ne se reprochent de rien ? Pourquoi lui proposer des corruptions ? Pourquoi le placer dans des cachots << où j’étais assis à même le sol, sans pantalon, caleçon ni chemise, les mains et les pieds ligotés…>> ? Ça sent une vérité cachée.
Partie prenante aux assises du jour, la société civile, a encouragé les anciens ouvriers dans la lutte, mais les a appelé à mettre en avant plan une lutte non violente et pacifique.
<< Avec l’implication des grands des militaires, des opérateurs économiques, des hauts gradés, des politiques,… des conflits fonciers causent plusieurs défis et sont responsables de l’insécurité à l’Est. La dynamique autour de ces conflits sont souvent à la base de nombreux dégâts: des morts, des arrestations, il y a un exode rural, ils font des victimes et le cas pour le Masisi c’est qu’il y a des déplacés… >> laisse entendre Mambo KAWAYA Jean-Claude, cadre de la société civile territoriale de Nyiragongo, présent aux assises.
Nous dans le Nyiragongo, poursuit-il, << malgré la petitesse du territoire et la pression démographique venant de Goma, nous avons mené une lutte pacifique et nous avons obtenus des résultats satisfaisants. Et cela a été facilité par l’ACEDH, de Maître Olivier NDOOLE…>> a t-il chuté.
<< Ce n’est pas que nous agissons contre les grands concessionnaires, non! >>. Répond Maître Olivier NDOOLE.
L’implication de l’ACEDH Martelé-t-il, << vise à vulgariser les réformes autour de la justice foncière…>>. Allègue t-il encore une fois, et de poursuivre : << nous accompagnons les anciens ouvriers, car ils ont du mal à accéder à la justice foncière, de part le coût, la distance, la connaissance procédurale de ces ouvriers, les péripéties judiciaires en terme de trafic d’influence,… Ces citoyens n’ont pas de parapluie judiciaire… qui puissent leur permettre d’accéder équitablement à la justice, au même titre que les grands concessionnaires, qui sont économiquement, militaires forts….>>, Justifie t-il.
<< Notre rôle >>, conclue NDOOLE, est d’assurer << la canalisation des revendications des ouvriers vers les autorités, sensées faire preuve d’un sentiment de pitié vis à vis de ces anciens ouvriers…>>.
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